The effects of location, feedstock availability, and supply-chain logistics on the greenhouse gas emissions of forest-biomass energy utilization in Finland
作者： Eero Jäppinen
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摘要: 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 5 ABBREVIATIONS, UNITS, CONVERSION FACTORS AND PREFIXES WITH EXPONENT VALUES 6 LIST OF ORIGINAL ARTICLES 8 TABLE CONTENTS 9 1. INTRODUCTION 11 1.1 Background 1.2 Forest-biomass energy use and potential 12 1.3 Current future demand for forest biomass in Finland 15 1.4 The motivation the work 16 1.5 Outline of thesis 17 1.5.1 Objective 1.5.2 papers included 18 2. MATERIALS METHODS 20 2.1 Data on forest-biomass 2.1.1 Harvesting residues stumps 2.1.2 Energy wood 2.2 Theoretical vs. practical availability 21 2.3 GIS assessments 22 2.3.1 Spatial allocation 2.3.2 Road network assessment 23 2.3.3 Assessment forwarding distances 25 2.4 GHG – LCA 2.4.1 as a method 2.4.2 Goal scope 26 2.4.3 Inventory analysis 27 2.4.4 Impact 2.4.5 Interpretation 29 2.4.6 EU RED methodology 3. RESULTS 31 3.1 Paper I 3.2 II 3.3 III 32 3.4 Further related to results presented I, II, 3.5 IV 35 4. DISCUSSION 38
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