NGF and BDNF: from nerves to adipose tissue, from neurokines to metabokines.

摘要: Neurotrophins, particularly, NGF and BDNF are now well recognized to mediate a dizzying number of trophobiological effects, ranging from the Rita Levi-Montalcini's neurotrophic through immunotrophic metabotrophic effects.These implicated in pathogenesis various diseases including neuropsychiatric cardiometabolic diseases, such as dementia, depression, type 2 diabetes obesity that may express common phenotype coexistence. Recently, adipobiology (adiposcience) become focus numerous studies showing adipose tissue is body's largest endocrine organ producing multiple signaling proteins, BDNF, all these dubbed adipokines. On basis our other authors' evidence low and/or levels found (atherosclerosis, obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome), hypothesis critical role neuro-metabotrophic deficit has been raised. Since also exerts synaptotrophic effects involved cognitive enhancement, this might be related schizophrenia, autism, Rett syndrome, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa. Finally, NGF- BDNF-based therapeutic approach, ampakines, antidepressants, selective deacetylase inhibitors, statins, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists, "brain food" calorie restriction, outlined.