Apoptosis and autophagy in mammary gland remodeling and breast cancer chemotherapy.

摘要: Apoptosis - programmed cell death (PCD) type I is physiological process responsible for loss during mammary gland involution after natural weaning or litter removal in rodents, sow and drying off goat cow. The regulation of epithelial (MEC) apoptosis bovine occurs at three levels. first level comprises intracellular regulatory proteins, e.g. Bcl-2 family promoters inhibitors. second represented by intramammary inductors apoptosis, FIL, IGFBPs, Fas ligand, TGF-betas. expression activity these auto/paracrine controlled modulated the third factors, systemic galactopoetic hormones, nutrition, reproductive status milking management. Our recent study proved that involuting accompanied increased intensity autophagy, regarded as a cytoprotective but advanced stage PCD II. Moreover, we have reported time ability TGF-beta(1) to induce both autophagy BME-UV1 MEC. Much more pronounced heterogeneity was observed when breast cancer cells were exposed anticancer drugs. primary responses MCF-7 camptothecin (CPT) are (as process). In this case which resistant tool survival. fail-safe persisting CPT-induced stress morphological biochemical features II with subcellular degradation. threshold between (reversible) (irreversible) difficult establish probably depends on extent degradation cellular components. Proapoptotic protein Bid may serve molecular switch autophagy. knock down CPT leads shift from Since bid other proapoptotic genes undergo mutations malignant cells, commitment important therapeutic implications.