Rhesus macaques previously infected with simian/human immunodeficiency virus are protected from vaginal challenge with pathogenic SIVmac239.

摘要: Nontraumatic vaginal inoculation of rhesus macaques with a simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SIV/HIV) chimera containing the envelope gene from HIV-1 89.6 (SHIV 89.6) results in systemic infection (Y. Lu, B. Brosio, M. Lafaile, J. Li, R. G. Collman, Sodroski, and C. Miller, Virol. 70:3045-3050, 1996). A total five have each been infected by exposure to at least three intravaginal inoculations SHIV 89.6. The is characterized transient viremia that evokes humoral cellular immune responses HIV SIV antigens, but disease does not develop animals To determine if previous could protect challenge pathogenic SIV, all were intravaginally inoculated twice SIV-mac239. After challenge, SHIV-immunized had low or undetectable viral RNA levels plasma compared control animals. Three remained isolation negative for more than 8 months, while two became positive. presence Gag-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes peripheral blood mononuclear cells SIV-specific antibodies cervicovaginal secretions time was associated resistance after challenge. These suggest protection sexual transmission may be possible effectively stimulating both antiviral immunity genital mucosal compartments.