Rutting behaviour in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.)

摘要: Abstract This paper deals with rutting behaviour in two groups of reindeer studied at the Reindeer Research Station Swedish Lapland. The first visible signs are described as well establishment harem and its ruler. Old bulls copulate more often than younger ones owing to earlier occurrence rut these, their stronger fighting ability fact that old polygamous rivals. chasing away intruders, constant herding his own herd, keeps ruling bull very active. Since, furthermore, he does not eat becomes thin during season. size area necessary for a varies. A big large is able keep rivals from considerably greater young small number cows. territory seems be defined by particular geographical boundaries, but an area, which changes movement has no topographical references. author observed nothing indicates markings proper sense, urinates on hind legs, especially threatening exciting moments, this may interpreted form marking. sound series husky, rapid, rather low-voiced rattles brought about air being repeatedly pressed out lungs. differs slightly made when driving immediate vicinity cow. Threat been overflow activities resulting high level aggressive behaviour. typical behaviour, could characterized courting, bull's cows, i.e. running or walking after cow depending her heat status. Aggressiveness part evident against older ones, cows particularly bulls. copulations usually take place last days September. Mating activity reaches it peak dusk dawn. Copulation only once each development copulation act.