Acquisition of 1,000 eubacterial genes physiologically transformed a methanogen at the origin of Haloarchaea

摘要: Archaebacterial halophiles (Haloarchaea) are oxygen-respiring heterotrophs that derive from methanogens—strictly anaerobic, hydrogen-dependent autotrophs. Haloarchaeal genomes known to have acquired, via lateral gene transfer (LGT), several genes eubacteria, but it is yet unknown how many the Haloarchaea acquired in total and, more importantly, whether independent haloarchaeal lineages their parallel, or as a single acquisition at origin of group. Here we studied 10 and 1,143 reference identified 1,089 families were by methanogenic recipient eubacteria. The data suggest these common ancestor, not parallel lineages, nor ancestor haloarchaeans methanosarcinales. acquisitions include for catabolic carbon metabolism, membrane transporters, menaquinone biosynthesis, complexes I–IV eubacterial respiratory chain functions consisting diphytanyl isoprene ether lipids. LGT on massive scale transformed strictly chemolithoautotrophic methanogen into heterotrophic, oxygen-respiring, bacteriorhodopsin-photosynthetic ancestor.