Transmission of hepatitis E virus by water: An issue still pending in industrialized countries.

摘要: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an enteric divided into eight genotypes. Genotype 1 (G1) and G2 are specific to humans; G3, G4 G7 zoonotic genotypes infecting humans animals. Transmission through water has been demonstrated for G1 G2, mainly in developing countries, but only suspected the Thus, water-related HEV hazard may be due human animal faeces. The high genetic variability allows considering presence wastewater of not different genotypes, also quasispecies adding even greater diversity. Moreover, recent studies have that particles either quasi-enveloped or non-enveloped, potentially implying differential viral behaviours environment. at stages cycle all over world, especially G3 Europe USA. Concerning survival water, does higher resistance inactivating factors (heat, UV, chlorine, physical removal), compared indicators (MS2 phage) other highly resistant viruses (Hepatitis A virus). But did take account (genogroups, quasispecies) structural (quasi- non-enveloped forms) variability. Viral could indeed modify persistence by influencing its interaction with environment, infectivity pathogenicity, subsequently transmission water. cell culture methods used study still drawbacks (challenging cultivation, time consuming, lack sensitivity). As explained present review, issue similar because their lower survival. animals how affects remain investigated.