Phenology, mobility and behaviour of the arcto-alpine species Boloria napaea in its arctic habitat

摘要: Arctic and alpine environments present extreme, but different, challenges to survival. We therefore studied the ecological adaptation of arctic-alpine fritillary Boloria napaea in northern Sweden compared these results with eastern Alps. Using mark-release-recapture, we analysed phenology, mobility, activity patterns, change wing condition nectar sources. The phenology showed no protandry, a longer flight period females. Wing conditions revealed linear decay being quicker males than mean distances were higher for females (143 vs 92 m). In general, more active, while invested time feeding resting. shortness is apparently particular harsh conditions, not even allowing constraining all individuals hatch during short period. These also forced concentrate on alimentation. Alpine populations B. show few differences, species seems be better adapted environments. Thus, temporal separation have been sufficient divergent southern mountains.