Post-anesthesia vomiting: Impact of isoflurane and morphine on ferrets and musk shrews

摘要: Although partially controlled with antiemetic drugs, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) continues to be a problem for many patients. Clinical research suggests that opioid analgesics volatile anesthetics are the main triggers of PONV. The aim this study was develop an animal model post-anesthesia future studies further determine mechanisms preclinical drug efficacy. Ferrets (N=34) were initially used because they have served as gold standard emesis research. tested several doses morphine, inhaled isoflurane, positive control injection cisplatin (a chemotherapy agent) induce emesis. Musk shrews small model; N=36) also isoflurane exposure. A produced in ferrets (ip, 129.8±22.0 retches; 13.7±2.3 vomits; mean ± SEM). Morphine dose-response on ferrets, maximal responses at 0.9 mg/kg (sc, 29.6±12.6 1.8±0.9, vomits). Isoflurane exposure (2–4% 10 min 6 h exposure) failed vomiting, not associated increased frequency when combined low dose morphine (0.1 mg/kg, sc), consistent effects food water intake. In contrast musk very sensitive isoflurane-induced (0.5 3%, exposure; up 11.8±2.4 emetic episodes). Overall, these results indicate will useful delineating responsible emesis; however, may prove after inhalation agents.