Life Cycle Assessment

摘要: Life-cycle assessment, or LCA, is an environmental accounting and management approach that considers all the aspects of resource use releases associated with industrial system from cradle to grave. Specifically, it a holistic view interactions covers range activities, extraction raw materials Earth production distribution energy, through use, reuse, final disposal product. LCA relative tool intended for comparison not absolute evaluation, thereby helping decision makers compare major impacts when choosing between alternative courses action. This article presents brief history development methodology describes basic components conducting is, selecting functional unit; defining goal scope study; compiling inventory relevant energy material inputs releases; evaluating potential impacts; interpreting results help make more informed decision. Key issues data collection, impact assessment modeling, interpretation are also outlined. The concludes movement toward developing life cycle sustainability (LCSA) which integrates costing (LCC) social (SLCA), encompass three pillars sustainability, summary limitations LCA.