Neurodevelopmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders

摘要: The etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum (ASDs) and schizophrenia remains unclear. However, many aspects their neuropathology were recently reported to be closely associated with microglial dysfunction. Microglia, which are the major players innate immunity in central nervous system, respond rapidly pathological changes, even minor ones, contribute directly neuroinflammation by producing various cytokines free radicals. Recent studies revealed that microglia become activated over course ASDs schizophrenia, using brain neuroimaging postmortem analyzes. have also shown inhibitory effects some antipsychotics on release inflammatory radicals from microglia, causing synaptic white matter abnormalities seen brains. In addition, recent evidence strongly suggests a neurodevelopmental role for regulating formation/function neuronal circuits phagocytic activity structural interactions synapses. Rett syndrome (RTT) particularly, dysfunctional neurotoxic, thus contributing abnormal development. Populating RTT mice wild-type was found arrest disease, indicating an essential trajectory. summary, emerging indicates related progression outcome schizophrenia. Understanding pathology may shed new light most promising therapeutic strategies among other disorders.