Organic anion transporting polypeptides of the OATP/ SLC21 family : phylogenetic classification as OATP/ SLCO superfamily, new nomenclature and molecular/functional properties

摘要: The organic anion transporting polypeptides (rodents: Oatps, human: OATPs) form a superfamily of sodium-independent transport systems that mediate the transmembrane wide range amphipathic endogenous and exogenous compounds. Since traditional SLC21 gene classification does not permit an unequivocal species-independent identification genes products, all Oatps/OATPs are newly classified within OATP/SLCO subdivided into families (≥40% amino acid sequence identity), subfamilies (≥60% identity) individual products according to their phylogenetic relationships chronology identification. Implementation this new nomenclature system occurs in agreement with HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC). Among 52 members superfamily, 36 have been identified so far humans, rat mouse. latter clustered 6 (out 12) (OATP1–OATP6) 13 subfamilies. represent 12 domain proteins contain signature D-X-RW-(I,V)-GAWW-X-G-(F,L)-L. Although species divergence, multispecificity tissue distribution common characteristics many Oatps/OATPs, some highly conserved during evolution, high substrate specificity exhibit unique cellular expression distinct organs. Hence, while broad appear play important role bioavailability, excretion numerous anionic compounds, narrow spectrum substrates may more specific physiological functions