ADP-Ribosylation of Signal-Transducing Guanine Nucleotide Binding Proteins by Cholera and Pertussis Toxin

摘要: Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) are key elements of many transmembrane signalling systems. They function at the level plasma membrane and couple a large number (>100) receptors for extracellular mediators (hormones, neurotransmitters, growth factors, chemoattractants, pheromones, odorants) or even physical signals such as light to effector moieties, which generate “second message” inside cell. The list G-protein-regulated effectors includes enzymes [e.g., adenylyl cyclase, various phospholipases, phosphodiesterase(s)], great ion channels (e.g., K+ Ca2+ channels), possibly types pumps, transporters, antiporters well (see Birnbaumer 1990; et al. Gierschik 1990a,b recent reviews references).