New aspects of immunotherapy of leptomeningeal metastasis

摘要: Immunotherapeutic approaches to leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) include the intrathecal application of cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-α (IFN-α), lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAK cells). Results in a rodent model gliomatosis with IL-2 are discouraging, but some clinical improvement clearance neoplastic from CSF have been seen patients LM melanoma treated alone, primary brain tumors squamous cell carcinoma tongue LAK IL-2. The neurotoxicity this therapy, mainly increased intracranial pressure, has considerable generally manageable. However, IFN-α caused severe form an only partly reversible progressive vegetative state majority patients. Considering small number cells, its value for treatment could be stated by further investigation. In future, recently discovered Fas-ligand, continuous paracrine cytokine release genetically modified or vaccination strategies using tumor might offer new immunotherapeutic LM.