Ultrasound techniques in the evaluation of the mediastinum, part I: endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and transcutaneous mediastinal ultrasound (TMUS), introduction into ultrasound techniques.

摘要: Ultrasound imaging has gained importance in pulmonary medicine over the last decades including conventional transcutaneous ultrasound (TUS), endoscopic (EUS), and endobronchial (EBUS). Mediastinal lymph node staging affects management of patients with both operable inoperable lung cancer (e.g., surgery vs. combined chemoradiation therapy). Tissue sampling is often indicated for accurate nodal staging. Recent international guidelines clearly state that endosonography (EUS EBUS) should be initial tissue test surgical nodes can sampled from airways [EBUS transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA)] or esophagus [EUS fine (EUS-FNA)]. EBUS EUS have a complementary diagnostic yield combination virtually all mediastinal biopsied. Additionally an excellent assessing granulomas suspected sarcoidosis. The aim this review, two integrative parts, to discuss current role future perspectives techniques available evaluation lymphadenopathy cancer. A specific emphasis will on learning endosonography. Part I dealing introduction into techniques, anatomy reach part II clinical work up neoplastic inflammatory using how learn