Natural Products with Toll-Like Receptor 4 Antagonist Activity

摘要: Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) are the innate immunity receptors that play an activating role when interacting with molecules released by bacteria and viruses (PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns) or injured cells tissues (DAMPs, danger-associated patterns). TLR triggering leads to induction of proinflammatory cytokines chemokines, driving activation both adaptive immunity. In particular, Receptor 4 (TLR4) has been described be involved in inflammatory processes observed several pathologies (such as ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathic pain, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer). Molecules obtained natural sources have discovered exert anti-inflammatory action targeting TLR4 pathways. This review focuses on antagonists from bacteria, cyanobacteria, plants.