Energetics of vacuum arc cathode spots

摘要: Vacuum arcs need to generate the current-carrying plasma at cathode spots. The cohesive energy of material determines arc needs provide for phase transitions material. As recent experiments confirm, greater higher burning voltage (“cohesive rule”). This relation is founded in balance spot operation, regardless specific mechanisms involved. A power input, as determined by via rule, leads enhanced output various forms such electron temperature, ion charge states, and velocity. Using Cohesive Energy Rule, secondary relations well known between boiling point average state can be explained.