The corporate planning life cycle—An international point of view

摘要: Abstract Dr. Ringbakk has been engaged for the past 5 years in an investigation of corporate planning systems Europe and U.S.A. This involved over 350 companies from 20 countries. Between 1967 1972 he visited 90 studying their management systems. Half these visits took place Europe, half United States. In select instances same have several times years. The sample covers all major industry classifications, which are multi-giants down to small national entities, respondents positions ranging that chief executive officer executives, staff managers, line managers charge operations. study is biased favour having some experience with as such not representative a whole. statistical findings overstate case planning.