Placental Protein 13 (PP13) - A Placental Immunoregulatory Galectin Protecting Pregnancy.

摘要: Galectins are glycan-binding proteins that regulate innate and adaptive immune responses, some confer maternal-fetal tolerance in eutherian mammals. A chromosome 19 cluster of galectins has emerged anthropoid primates, species with deep placentation long gestation. Three the five human solely expressed placenta, where they may additional immunoregulatory functions to enable placentation. One these is galectin-13, also known as Placental Protein 13 (PP13). It a “jelly-roll” fold, carbohydrate-recognition domain sugar-binding preference resembling other mammalian galectins. PP13 predominantly by syncytiotrophoblast released from placenta into maternal circulation. Its ability induce apoptosis activated T cells vitro, divert kill well macrophages decidua situ suggests important functions. Indeed, mutations promoter an exon LGALS13 presumably leading altered or non-functional protein expression associated higher frequency preeclampsia obstetrical syndromes, which involve dysregulation. Moreover, decreased placental its low first trimester serum concentrations elevated risk preeclampsia. turned be good early biomarker assess for subsequent development pregnancy complications caused impaired Due ischemic stress preterm preeclampsia, there increased trophoblastic shedding immunopositive microvesicles starting second trimester, leads high blood concentrations. Our meta-analysis this phenomenon potential use directing patient management near at time delivery. Recent findings on beneficial effects decreasing pressure du