Condensin-mediated chromosome organization and gene regulation.

摘要: In many organisms sexual fate is determined by a chromosome-based method which entails difference in sex chromosome-linked gene dosage. Consequently, regulatory mechanism called dosage compensation equalizes X-linked expression between the sexes. Dosage initiates as cells transition from pluripotency to differentiation. C. elegans, achieved complex (DCC) binding both X chromosomes hermaphrodites downregulate two fold. The DCC contains subcomplex (condensin IDC) similar evolutionarily conserved condensin complexes play fundamental role chromosome dynamics during mitosis. Therefore, mechanisms related mitotic condensation are hypothesized mediate compensation. Consistent with this hypothesis, monomethylation of histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20) increased, whereas acetylation 16 (H4K16) decreased, on and interphase compensated worms. These observations suggest that maintain some characteristics associated condensed chromosome. This state stably propagated one cell generation next. review we will speculate how biochemical activities can achieve compaction repression.