Sexual Conflict in Nonhuman Primates

摘要: Abstract Increasing appreciation that male and female reproductive strategies may be not only divergent but also incompatible has highlighted the potential importance of sexually antagonistic coevolution as a third force sexual selection. Here, I review evidence for this mechanism in nonhuman primates. Sexual conflict been studied primarily its behavioral form, coercion, which relevant data still remain surprisingly limited. Nevertheless, current reveals three forms coercion: forced copulation, harassment, intimidation. Many new have confirmed copulation orangutans, clarified variation contexts, left unclear adaptive significance. Evidence harassment intimidation come from diverse taxa, there are indications former expressed relatively more often nongregarious strepsirrhines latter among group-living haplorrhines. Two temporal domains action suggested by it can improve mating success both immediately prospectively. Some researchers suggest mate choice underlie “coercion” some taxa nonmating functions, such social control, relevant. A key element theory is counterstrategies mitigating costs adaptations. Current now implicates strongly great range possible counterstrategies, involving physiology, behavior, strategies, although needed to determine effectiveness these counterstrategies. Limited suggestive indicate postcopulatory genitalia, seminal fluids, their genetic bases.