Mapping the Global Journey of Anthropogenic Aluminum: A Trade-Linked Multilevel Material Flow Analysis

摘要: Material cycles have become increasingly coupled and interconnected in a globalizing era. While material flow analysis (MFA) has been widely used to characterize stocks flows along technological life cycle within specific geographical area, trade networks among individual remained largely unexplored. Here we developed trade-linked multilevel MFA model map the contemporary global journey of anthropogenic aluminum. We demonstrate that aluminum depends substantially on international all forms becomes highly nature. Southern hemisphere is main primary resource supplier, production consumption concentrate Northern hemisphere, where also find largest potential for recycling. The more countries tend substantial increasing presence throughout stages after bauxite refining possess consumption-based cycles, thus maintaining advantages both economic...