Abnormal repetitive behaviours: shared phenomenology and pathophysiology

摘要: Background  Self-injurious behaviour (SIB) is a devastating problem observed in individuals with various neurodevelopmental disorders, including specific genetic syndromes as well idiopathic intellectual and developmental disability. Although an increased prevalence of SIB has been documented mutations, little known about the neurobiological basis SIB. This makes vulnerability assessment pharmacological treatment incredibly challenging. Method  Here we review evidence that other repetitive, invariant behaviours, such stereotypy, compulsions tics, share many phenotypic similarities, are often co-morbidly expressed have common inducing conditions. argues for shared or overlapping pathophysiology. As much more neurobiology these related this should make tractable problem. Results  Stereotypy, tics diagnostic disorders received focused investigation (autism, obsessive compulsive disorder, Tourette syndrome, respectively). In addition, animal models repetitive behaviours characterised. Collectively, studies found cortical basal ganglia circuitry dysfunction mediates behaviour. Moreover, provide detailed information potentially testable hypotheses aspects may be operative SIB. Conclusions  We can use available from clinical to precise regarding particular pathophysiology driving The results testing generate strategies prove efficacious reducing