Molecular Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Cancer

摘要: Multiple genetic alterations of oncogenes, tumor-suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes are involved in the conversion normal cells to clinical cancers. These can be applied a multistep mechanism development progression gastrointestinal cancers, although common distinct changes observed esophageal, gastric, colorectal carcinomas. Inactivation p53 gene, reactivation telomerase, anomalous CD44 expression events that serve as markers for differential diagnosis cancer. Amplification cyclin D1 gene is preferentially found esophageal cancer, whereas amplification c-met gastric The E frequently associated with both Deletion cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor often carcinoma cell lines. scenario multiple differs depending on two histological types suggesting they may have different pathways. By applying these observations routine practice, we facilitate improve obtain information grade malignancy, foresee patient prognosis, identify patients at high risk developing discover novel therapies molecular which has been performed Hiroshima City Medical Association Clinical Laboratory, provide new approach cancer twenty-first century. advances raise number questions concerning ethics treatment. practical ethical implications identifying carriers hereditary should considered nonclinical contexts.