Genetic evidence for multiple events of hybridization between wolves and domestic dogs in the Iberian Peninsula

摘要: Hybridization between wild species and their domestic counterparts may represent a major threat to natural populations. However, high genetic similarity the hybridizing taxa makes detection of hybrids difficult task hinder attempts assess impact hybridization in conservation biology. In this work, we used combination 42 autosomal microsatellites together with Y-chromosome microsatellitedefined haplotypes mtDNA sequences investigate occurrence dynamics wolf–dog Iberian Peninsula. To do this, applied variety Bayesian analyses parallel set simulation studies evaluate (i) differences wolves dogs, (ii) frequency geographical distribution (iii) directionality hybridization. First, show that dogs form two well-differentiated entities, suggesting introgressive is not widespread phenomenon shaping both gene pools. Second, found evidence for existence apparently restricted more peripheral recently expanded wolf Third, describe compelling populations mediated by crosses male female wolves. More importantly, observation population showing continuum hybrid classes forming mixed packs indicate have underestimated If future confirm pattern, then an intriguing avenue research how introgression from free-ranging enabling adapt highly humanized habitats southern Europe while still maintaining