Laboratory measurements of small strain properties of dry sands by bender element

摘要: Abstract The S-wave and P-wave velocities in dry sands are simultaneously measured by a single pair of bender elements (BE) incorporated into standard resonant column (RC) apparatus with torsional shear (TS) function. small strain properties, including modulus G 0 , constrained M Poisson's ratio υ determined for specimens at various densities confining pressures. results show that the values obtained from BE tests agree well those RC TS tests, indicating reliability signal interpretation testing system. Furthermore, data present test series is good agreement literature. also increases faster than as soil density pressure increase. In terms ratio, it decreases an increasing generally lies range 0.18–0.32 tested sands. Empirical equations established to approximately estimate or values.