Resistance to commonly used insecticides and phosphine fumigant in red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) in Pakistan.

摘要: The red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) is an important pest of date palms in many regions the world. This paper reports first survey insecticide resistance field populations R. Pakistan which were collected from seven growing areas across Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) provinces, Pakistan. was assessed by diet incorporation method against formulated commonly used chemical insecticides profenophos, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, spinosad, lambda-cyhalothrin a fumigant phosphine. Elevated levels recorded for deltamethrin phosphine after long history use Resistance Ratios (RRs) 63- to 79-fold phosphine, 16- 74-fold 13- 58-fold 2.6- 44-fold 3- 24-fold 2- 12-fold 1- 10-fold spinosad compared susceptible control line. Resistant mainly found southern some extent KPK. Bahawalpur, Vehari, Layyah Dera Ghazi Khan most resistant insecticides, while all exhibited high Of eight agents tested, lower LC50 LC90 values lambda-cyhalothrin. These results suggest that exhibit unique modes action given their better environmental profile, these two could be rotation or assist phasing out older insecticides. A changed pattern both can sensibly recommended without evidence dose rates frequencies used.