Recent advances in extracellular vesicle research for urological cancers: From technology to application

摘要: Urological malignancies, including prostate cancer, bladder cancer and kidney are major causes of morbidity mortality worldwide. Because the high incidence, diversity in biology, especially direct interaction with urine, urological cancers an important resource for both scientists clinicians novel diagnostic therapeutic discovery. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) lipid bilayer encapsulated particles released by cells into extracellular space. Since EVs work as a safe way to transport biological information through whole body, they now recognized mechanism cell-cell communication have opened new window us gain better understanding diagnostics, options. In recent years, numerous evolutions EV technologies clinical findings continue be reported research field cancers. This comprehensive review aims give update advances summarize state-of-the-art knowledge related particularly focusing on potential biomarkers their roles promoting metastasis.