Recent Advances in D-Xylose Conversion by Yeasts

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter highlights recent advances in D-Xylose Conversion by Yeasts. Next to D-glucose, D-xylose is the most abundant carbohydrate derived from woods, agricultural residues, and other plant materials. Xylose along with glucose are potential substrates for conversion useful products such as ethanol. The global energy situation has stimulated a great deal of interest research organizations examine more closely xylose reviews developments area ethanol yeasts. Yeasts, general, better choice fermentation carbohydrates than microorganisms because their high rate, tolerance, yield. do not convert pentoses effectively. enzyme systems yeasts normally enable them assimilate produce pentitols. pentitols serves these purposes: (1) production reserve be utilized when needed carbon sources, (2) storage reducing power, (3) osmoregulation. Recent utilization demonstrated that many able isomerized D-xylose. They also isomerase present. As use would increase cost biomass sugars ethanol, reduction maintenance stability during isomerization–fermentation process important. yeast or mutants direct require isomerase; this could lower costs considerably. However, further improvement strains required.