Role of Interleukin‐13 in Cancer, Pulmonary Fibrosis, and Other TH2‐Type Diseases

摘要: Interleukin (IL)-13 plays a major role in various inflammatory diseases including cancer, asthma, and allergy. It mediates variety of different effects on cell types B cells, monocytes, natural killer endothelial fibroblasts. IL-13 binds to two primary receptor chains IL-13Ralpha1 IL-13Ralpha2. The IL-13Ralpha2 but not chain with high affinity is overexpressed human cancer cells derived from glioma, squamous carcinoma head neck, AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma. We have also demonstrated that expression greatly increased lung when mice were challenged intranasally bleomycin or Aspergillus fumigatus. In addition, surgical biopsies patients usual interstitial pneumonia, nonspecific respiratory bronchiolitic pneumonia unknown origin. Based studies, it concluded IL-13Ralpha2-expressing are involved pulmonary pathological conditions. contrast, normal tissues such as brain, lung, neck express chain, show only marginal chain. Thus, may serve novel biomarker for diseased fibrosis target receptor-directed therapeutic agents. To IL-13R, recombinant fusion protein composed derivative Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) has been produced. This cytotoxin termed IL-13PE38QQR IL-13PE38, IL-13PE highly specifically cytotoxic tumor lines. preclinical models glioblastoma, found significant antitumor activity at tolerated dose. Several phase I clinical trials completed recurrent malignant glioma. Recently III trial (PRECISE) glioma recruiting total 294 patients. shown effect A. fumigatus Schistosoma mansoni-induced pathology granulomatous mouse models. A study these yet be initiated.