Key determinants of conflict between people and wildlife, particularly large carnivores, around Ruaha National Park, Tanzania

摘要: Human-wildlife conflict, particularly human-carnivore is a growing problem in today's crowded world, and can have significant impacts on both human wildlife populations. This study, bases the Idodi-Pawaga area adjacent to Tanzania’s Ruaha National Park, explored main drivers of conflict between people wildlife, five focal large carnivore species, order identify possible mitigation strategies. Considerable antagonism towards was reported, with particular hostility engendered by carnivores. The reasons given for were risks of wildlife damage, livestock depredation, attacks upon humans. Initial reported suggested that losing 1.2% their predators every month, but after long-term monitoring this estimate revised 0.32%, on-site follow-up visits led further figure 0.26%, which far less than percentage lost disease. Adherence traditional husbandry techniques seemed effective at limiting surveys revealed views carnivores remained robust even many months without an attack. These data suggest driven numerous factors, rather risk damage alone. Traditional pastoralists appeared tolerant other ethnic groups, history land alienation, political marginalisation insecurity over tenure probably driving some wildlife. Income diversification linked higher tolerance, few received any income or non-consumptive benefits from wildlife. Conversion external religion, retaining beliefs, also decrease tolerance Overall, different factors influence magnitude it clear efforts would confront social, political, historical, economic ecological develop truly appropriate solutions.