Genome-wide nucleosome mapping of Plasmodium falciparum reveals histone-rich coding and histone-poor intergenic regions and chromatin remodeling of core and subtelomeric genes

摘要: Epigenetic modifications of histones and regulation chromatin structure have been implicated in virulence gene families P. falciparum. To better understand chromatin-mediated regulation, we used a high-density oligonucleotide microarray to map the position enrichment nucleosomes across entire genome falciparum at three time points intra-erythrocytic developmental cycle (IDC) vitro. We an unmodified histone H4 antibody for immunoprecipitation nucleosome-bound DNA. observed generally low nucleosomal occupancy intergenic regions higher protein coding regions. In contract overall small fluctuation most throughout IDC, subtelomeric genes encoding surface proteins such as var rif, well some core chromosomal transcription factors, showed large changes structure. Telomeres harbored region with highest also exhibited schizont stages. While many these were previously shown be modified by H3K9 trimethylation, identified housekeeping chromosome that extensive but do not contain this modification. tRNA basal factor all times, suggesting open might permissive constitutively high levels expression. Generally, was correlated steady-state mRNA levels. Several exceptions: expression level lowest occupancy, selection parasites var2CSA resulted lower locus. nucleosome-free may serve start sites or binding sites. Using data baseline, further mapped genome-wide acetylation detected general mark These on nucleosome add our understanding influence Histones are enriched regions, relatively poor Histone patterns allow identification new putative gene-coding Most show correlation between levels, indicating dominant roles other regulatory mechanisms. present map, which can reference future experiments modification mapping.