Skeletal tissue engineering using mesenchymal or embryonic stem cells: clinical and experimental data

摘要: Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be obtained from a wide variety of tissues for bone tissue engineering such as marrow, adipose, birth-associated, peripheral blood, periosteum, dental and muscle. MSCs human fetal marrow embryonic (ESCs) are also promising cell sources.Areas covered: In vitro, in vivo clinical evidence was collected using MEDLINE® (1950 to January 2014), EMBASE (1980 2014) Google Scholar databases.Expert opinion: Enhanced results have been found when combining marrow–derived mesenchymal (BMMSCs) with recently developed scaffolds glass ceramics starch-based polymeric scaffolds. Preclinical studies investigating adipose tissue–derived umbilical cord suggest that they likely become alternatives. Stem derived periosteum the periodontal ligament an osteogenic potential similar BM...