Formation of bubbles on electrical contacts to polymer light-emitting diode devices
作者： Shyh-Chyang Luo , Hsiu-Hsin Chung , Eugene T. Pashuck , Elliot P. Douglas , Paul H. Holloway
DOI: 10.1016/J.TSF.2004.10.039
关键词:
摘要: Bubble formation on calcium/aluminum contacts to bilayer poly(n-vinyl carbazole) (PVK)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) polymer light-emitting diode (PLED) devices was studied using optical and electron microscopies Auger spectroscopy (AES). The of bubbles is shown correlate with pinholes in the metal contact thin film excess absorbed water presence calcium layer. AES data show oxidation at Ca/Al interface during this process. Gas evolution relaxation compressive stress when voltage applied PLED are postulated cause bubbles.
harvard.edu
elsevier.com
sci-hub.se 参考文章(18)
B. H. Cumpston, I. D. Parker, K. F. Jensen, In situ characterization of the oxidative degradation of a polymeric light emitting device Journal of Applied Physics. ,vol. 81, pp. 3716- 3720 ,(1997) , 10.1063/1.365493
H. Aziz, G. Xu, ELECTRIC-FIELD-INDUCED DEGRADATION OF POLY(P-PHENYLENEVINYLENE) ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES Journal of Physical Chemistry B. ,vol. 101, pp. 4009- 4012 ,(1997) , 10.1021/JP9700488
S. Gamerith, M. Gaal, L. Romaner, H.-G. Nothofer, R. Güntner, P. Scandiucci de Freitas, U. Scherf, E.J.W. List, Comparison of thermal and electrical degradation effects in polyfluorenes Synthetic Metals. ,vol. 139, pp. 855- 858 ,(2003) , 10.1016/S0379-6779(03)00261-3
Vadim N. Savvate’ev, Aharon V. Yakimov, Dan Davidov, Roman M. Pogreb, Ronny Neumann, Yair Avny, Degradation of nonencapsulated polymer-based light-emitting diodes: Noise and morphology Applied Physics Letters. ,vol. 71, pp. 3344- 3346 ,(1997) , 10.1063/1.120332
J.-S. Kim, P.K.H. Ho, C.E. Murphy, N. Baynes, R.H. Friend, Nature of Non-emissive Black Spots in Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes by In-Situ Micro-Raman Spectroscopy Advanced Materials. ,vol. 14, pp. 206- 209 ,(2002) , 10.1002/1521-4095(20020205)14:3<206::AID-ADMA206>3.0.CO;2-J
Shuang Fang Lim, Lin Ke, Wei Wang, Soo Jin Chua, Correlation between dark spot growth and pinhole size in organic light-emitting diodes Applied Physics Letters. ,vol. 78, pp. 2116- 2118 ,(2001) , 10.1063/1.1364658
Lin Ke, Keran Zhang, Nikolai Yakovlev, Soo Jin Chua, Peng Chen, None, Secondary ion mass spectroscopy study of failure mechanism in organic light emitting devices Materials Science and Engineering B-advanced Functional Solid-state Materials. ,vol. 97, pp. 1- 4 ,(2003) , 10.1016/S0921-5107(02)00129-0
U. Scherf, E.J.W. List, Semiconducting Polyfluorenes—Towards Reliable Structure–Property Relationships Advanced Materials. ,vol. 14, pp. 477- 487 ,(2002) , 10.1002/1521-4095(20020404)14:7<477::AID-ADMA477>3.0.CO;2-9
Kazuya Tada, Mitsuyoshi Onoda, Photoirradiation effect on polymer light-emitting device: Separation between recombination zone and photo-oxidized defects Applied Physics Letters. ,vol. 77, pp. 2539- 2541 ,(2000) , 10.1063/1.1314888
G G Andersson, M P de Jong, G J J Winands, A W Denier van der Gon, L J van IJzendoorn, H H Brongersma, M J A de Voigt, Failure of polymeric light emitting diodes by controlled exposure of the polymer-cathode interface to oxygen Journal of Physics D. ,vol. 35, pp. 1103- 1108 ,(2002) , 10.1088/0022-3727/35/11/303