A Microcontroller-Based Active Solar Water Heating System for Domestic Applications

摘要: A potential solution to adequate and sustainable electricity supply problems in most developing countries is dependent on proper harnessing of solar (radiant) energy. Owing the over dependence fossil-fuel based energy, there an exponential rise carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions into atmosphere, thereby causing severe environmental degradation ozone layer depletion. This paper seeks apply readily available radiant energy source water heating, establish possible economic benefits its use domestic applications for residents Covenant University campus. The microcontroller-based active heating system (ASWHS) designed effectively absorb using collectors, store it as hot a tank via direct current (DC) circulation pump powered by stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system. design also incorporates auxiliary electric heater which put only when insufficient case study reported show importance ASWHS heating. maximum efficiency expected output collector throughout working life 79.94% 498,225kWh respectively. reduced grid and/or generator sets during demand periods recorded with high payback period 15 years; lower unit cost (US$0.01/kWh) makes more economically viable compared (US$0.18/kWh) same amount consumed.