Virus-induced ER Stress and the Unfolded Protein Response

摘要: The accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the lumen endoplasmic reticulum (ER) results ER stress that triggers cytoprotective signaling pathways, termed protein response (UPR), to restore and maintain homeostasis induce apoptosis if remains unmitigated. UPR network encompasses three core elements, i.e., PKR-like kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), inositol-requiring protein-1 (IRE1). Activation these branch pathways leads translation arrest degradation proteins, expression molecular chaperones, expansion membrane decrease load increase protein-folding capacity ER. Recently, essential roles have been implicated a number mammalian diseases, particularly viral diseases. In virus-infected cells, cellular machinery is hijacked by infecting virus produce large amounts which inevitably perturbs causes stress. This review summarizes current knowledge about highlights two identified plants, discuss progress elucidating cells its functional infection.