Roles of transglutaminases in cardiac and vascular diseases

摘要: All transglutaminases share the common enzymatic activity of transamidation, or cross-linking glutamine and lysine residues to form N epsilon (gamma-glutamyl) lysyl isopeptide bonds. The plasma proenzyme factor XIII is responsible for stabilizing fibrin clot against physical fibrinolytic disruption. Another member transglutaminase family, tissue TG2 abundantly expressed in cardiomyocytes, vascular cells macrophages. have a variety functions independent their transamidating activity. For example, binds hydrolyzes GTP, thereby fostering signal transduction by several G protein coupled receptors. Accumulating evidence points novel roles cardiovascular biology including: (a) modulating platelet activity, (b) regulating glucose control, (c) contributing development hypertension, (d) influencing progression atherosclerosis, (e) permeability angiogenesis (f) myocardial signaling, contractile ischemia/reperfusion injury. In this review, we summarize two members family transglutaminases, Factor TG2.