Reduction in the requirement of oncogenic Ras signaling to activation of PI3K/AKT pathway during tumor maintenance

摘要: While tumors become addicted to oncogenes like Ras, the microenvironment in which tumor cells reside changes during tumorigenesis; are surrounded initially by normal tissue and later tissue. Hence, we asked if Ras exerts its oncogenic effects through same set of effectors different stages tumorigenesis. We now show human that effector pathways MAPK, RalGEF, PI3K required initiate growth. Conversely, activation PI3K/AKT pathway replaced once formed, although other were still activated independently presumably factors provided upon establishment a microenvironment. Thus, as tumorigenesis progresses addiction cancers their initiating oncogene is reduced to, at least case pathway.