Biological studies on alcohol-induced neuronal damage.

摘要: Alcohol is a well-known cytotoxic agent which causes various kinds of neuronal damage. In spite thousands published studies, the true mechanism alcohol-induced damage remains unclear. Neurogenesis generation neurons from neural stem cells (NSCs) and occurs in predominantly two regions brain, subventricular zone dentate gyrus hippocampus. NSCs are self-renewing, multipotent precursor neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes central nervous system. Recent studies have begun to illuminate role neurogenesis biological cellular basis psychiatric disorders several clinical symptoms seen alcoholism such as depression, cognitive impairment, underlying stress brain atrophy been linked impaired neurogenesis. Heavy alcohol consumption decreases animals, while vitro shown decreased new after exposure. These findings suggest that important pathophysiology alcoholism. can be divided into four stages; proliferation, migration, differentiation survival. Our on showed at doses lower than those affected cell survival suggested neuron-restrictive silencer factor, or repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (NRSF/REST) could involved inhibition differentiation. an animal model fetal effects behavioral improved NSC transplantation. target for strategies treat related disorders.