Gravity-sensing and gravity-related signaling pathways in unicellular model systems of protists and plants

摘要: Gravity sensing, gravity-dependent signalling pathways and resulting graviresponses are found even in single cells as shown studies on unicellular animal plant model systems. Although the responses of single-celled systems obviously very different, presented experimental data from experiments ground space reveal that especially early phases gravity sensing share common features. The gravisensory processes can be reduced to two principles: perception via intracellular statoliths whole protoplast. Gravisensory ion channels cascades ubiquitous second messengers proposed most have been identified some cases. Cytoskeletal elements play a master role complex graviorientation. Research has complemented with microgravity, which greatly contributed our understanding gravi-related processes.