The Summer Cyclone Maximum over the Central Arctic Ocean

摘要: Abstract A fascinating feature of the northern high-latitude circulation is a prominent summer maximum in cyclone activity over Arctic Ocean, centered near North Pole long-term mean. This pattern associated with influx lows generated Eurasian continent and cyclogenesis Ocean itself. Its seasonal onset linked to following: an eastward shift Urals trough, migration 500-hPa vortex core pole, development separate region baroclinicity. The latter two features are consistent differential atmospheric heating between snow-free land. Variability strength can be broadly phase annular mode. When well developed, especially strong symmetric about negative sea level pressure (SLP) anomalies pole positive middle latitudes. Net prec...