The Balkans and the colonization of Europe: the post‐glacial range expansion of the wild boar, Sus scrofa

摘要: Aim  We focus on the biogeographical role of Balkan Peninsula as a glacial refugium and source northward post-glacial dispersal for many European taxa. Specifically, we analysed genetic structure variation wild boar (Sus scrofa) samples primarily from Greece, region that has repeatedly served within Peninsula. Location  Continental Aegean island Samos Bulgaria. Methods  18 localities. Samples common domestic breeds were also examined to take into account interactions between domesticated animals. Phylogenetic analyses carried out 637-bp fragment mitochondrial DNA control in 200 27 pigs. The sequences compared with 791 Eurasian pig D-loop obtained GenBank. Results  Ninety-four haplotypes identified data set, which 68 found assigned two previously described clades: E1 Near Eastern clades. All continental clustered clade fell clade, consistent island’s proximity Asia Minor. Intriguingly, 62 novel are exclusively Balkans. Only six shared pigs. Main conclusions  Our reveal numerous geographically restricted populations, suggesting presence separate refugia support hypothesis expansion leading edge model, north west modern day suggest little maternal introgression populations.