Epigenetic randomness, complexity and singularity of human iris patterns.

摘要: We investigated the randomness and uniqueness of human iris patterns by mathematically comparing 2.3 million different pairs eye images. The phase structure each pattern was extracted demodulation with quadrature wavelets spanning several scales analysis. resulting distribution sequence variation among eyes precisely binomial, revealing 244 independent degrees freedom. This amount statistical variability corresponds to an entropy (information density) about 3.2 bits mm(-2) over iris. It implies that probability two irides agreeing chance in more than 70% their is one 7 billion. also compared images genetically identical irides, from left right 324 persons, monozygotic twins. Their relative generated same as did unrelated eyes. indicates apart overall form colour, are determined epigenetically random events morphogenesis this tissue. diversity, combinatorial complexity created so many dimensions variation, mean failure a simple test independence performed on can serve reliable rapid basis for automatic personal identification.