DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-6825-0_4
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摘要: Specific peptides that may be neurotransmitters or neuromodulators are found in a variety of neurons the central nervous system. Often these “neuropeptides” packaged combination with classical (Hokfelt et al., 1986; Iversen and Goodman, Kupfermann, 1991). A great deal information concerning colocalization neuropeptides has resulted from immunocytochemical studies. However, exact physiological function many been elusive. Even cases where physiologists have determined effects exogenous application on discrete brain areas, how situ is not necessarily clear. Moreover, it often unclear if neuropeptide acts concert neurotransmitter same cell, whether independently neurotransmitter, both ways under different circumstances.