Odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM) and amelotin: Major players in hypermineralization of enamel and enameloid

摘要: Abstract Odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM) and amelotin (AMTN) both belong to the secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein family, which is critical biomineralization in vertebrates. In mammals, ODAM AMTN are expressed by ameloblasts maturation stage, when immature enamel grows into a hypermineralized inorganic tissue. At onset of this produce specialized basal lamina (BL), over distributed. Enameloid different tissue that found on tooth surface most ray-finned fish. Unlike amelogenesis, no such BL produced during enameloid. Nevertheless, also fish, expression gene has been detected inner dental epithelial cells, correspond ameloblasts, after enameloid considerably mineralized. This specific suggests not constituent but still involved hypermineralization Both unusually rich Pro Gln, they have 1 or 2 clusters phospho-Ser residues. These characteristics suggest associate with weak interactions between relatively hydrophobic regions further bind calcium phosphate via clusters, similar milk caseins evolutionary descendants ODAM. Based these considerations, I hypothesized generate maintain interface unmineralized hypermineralizing domains through protein–protein associations phosphate. presumably facilitates hypermineralization, efficient removal degraded proteins from matrix, transfer matrix.