EGFR and downstream genetic alterations in KRAS/BRAF and PI3K/AKT pathways in colorectal cancer: implications for targeted therapy.

摘要: The promise of individualized treatment is gradually being fulfilled, and targeted therapy becoming a powerful strategy to treat selected patients based on their molecular profile. For metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) has markedly improved disease control survival. However, only subgroup with mCRC respond treatment, selecting the positive effect from important for both patient society. Patients mutations in KRAS gene are known as non-responders and, consequently, testing been employed routine clinical practice selection. large number wildtype do not this treatment. mechanism underlying response fully understood, other members KRAS-BRAF pathway PI3K-AKT investigated predictive biomarkers. Furthermore, concordance mutation status primary tumors corresponding hepatic or pulmonary metastases, well treatment-induced mutations, possess another challenge properly tailoring appropriate group. In review, biomarkers involved prediction discussed.