Vantage point counts and monitoring roe deer

摘要: Vantage point counts (VPCs) are adopted to estimate the densities of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) populations for harvest management. Thus, should be performed only within blocks without woodlands where it is possible relate block sizes. Alternatively, if VPCs simply carried out on all in a study region, expectations total could used as relative abundance indices. In most cases, surveying too demanding because number observers required, time, and organization. Therefore, portion blocks, indices estimated from these counts. If selected by means probabilistic sampling schemes, then statistically sound estimators count can adopted. estimation errors, construction confidence intervals, assessment change possible, together with post hoc power analysis evaluating probability failing detect expectations. Our objective this consider strategies that allow performance statistical steps check hunting district located Tuscany, Italy, which were surveyed 2013 2014. The results provide evidence imprecision estimators. Even large fractions 40–50%, standard errors never decreased below 20%, corresponding powers detecting 30% at level α=0.05 <0.65. highlight need efficient robust alternative strategies. © 2017 Wildlife Society.