R&D and Development

摘要: This paper employs a new global panel data set on innovation related variables to examine patterns of R&D investment across the development process. We find that effort measured as share GDP rises with at an increasing rate, but several countries have experienced extraordinary “take offs†relative median tendency. Our estimates rates return suggest these efforts are justified. Moreover, returns appear higher for developing countries. Differences in financial depth, protection intellectual property rights, government capacity mobilize resources, and quality research institutions main reasons invest less despite returns. Finally, natural resource abundant show although lower overall investment.