Connectivity providers for semi-aquatic vertebrates: the case of the endangered otter in Italy

摘要: Modeling habitat connectivity for conservation of semi-aquatic vertebrates is a particularly challenging task, due to the fine-scale and linear distribution riverine habitats capacity species move both on freshwater terrestrial realms. We showed how integrated analytical framework provided by availability (reachability) metrics their fractions can be used effectively evaluate distinctive roles contributions patches (aquatic riparian) linkage areas (permeable land matrix) functioning complex system composed multiple river catchments. Analysis focused Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra L.), one most endangered mammals in Italy. developed network model based suitable least-cost paths between A graph approach was identify critical nodes links potential expansion long-term viability region. Our results that few basins concentrate importance sustaining overall connectivity, extension they contain, strong connections with other basins, as stepping stones uphold ecological fluxes otherwise weakly connected habitats. The contribution each basin enhance dispersal otters area strongly depended key functional (sequences nodes) among identified vacant could colonized near future, connecting intermediate matrix might preferentially conduct promote movements gene flow area. novel here adopted easily extended semiaquatic catchment systems, offering management strategy preserve hydrographic an system, well joint evaluation role courses single landscape model.