Origins of adult pigmentation: diversity in pigment stem cell lineages and implications for pattern evolution

摘要: Summary Teleosts comprise about half of all vertebrate species and exhibit an extraordinary diversity adult pigment patterns that function in shoaling, camouflage, mate choice have played important roles speciation. Here, we review studies identified several distinct neural crest lineages, with genetic requirements, give rise to cells fishes. These lineages include post-embryonic, peripheral nerve-associated stem generate black melanophores iridescent iridophores, derived directly from embryonic yellow-orange xanthophores, bipotent both xanthophores. This complexity chromatophore has implications for our understanding traits, melanoma, the evolutionary diversification cell patterns.